Avascular Necrosis (AVN)

What is Avascular Necrosis (AVN)?

Avascular Necrosis (AVN), also known as osteonecrosis, is a debilitating condition where the blood supply to the femoral head is compromised, leading to bone tissue death. If left untreated, AVN can cause severe pain, loss of joint function, and eventual collapse of the femoral head, leading to arthritis.

Causes of AVN

AVN can occur due to multiple factors, including:

• Trauma – Hip dislocation or fractures can damage blood vessels supplying the femoral head.
• Corticosteroid Use – Long-term or high-dose steroid use is a major risk factor.
• Alcohol Abuse – Excessive alcohol consumption can lead to fat emboli that obstruct blood flow.
• Medical Conditions – Sickle cell disease, lupus, and certain coagulation disorders can contribute to AVN.
• Idiopathic Causes – In many cases, the exact cause remains unknown.

Symptoms of AVN

• Gradual onset of hip pain, initially during weight-bearing activities.
• Pain that progressively worsens, even at rest.
• Stiffness and reduced range of motion in the hip joint.
• In advanced stages, limping and difficulty in daily activities.

Diagnosis of AVN

Early diagnosis is key to preserving joint function. A thorough clinical evaluation is followed by imaging:

• X-rays – May show bone collapse in later stages.
• MRI – The most sensitive test to detect AVN in early stages.
• CT Scan & Bone Scans – Used for detailed assessment.

Treatment Options for AVN

As a leading orthopedic surgeon specializing in hip disorders, Dr. Kshitij Mody offers a range of advanced treatments for AVN:

Non-Surgical Treatments

• Medications – Anti-inflammatory drugs and bisphosphonates to slow bone damage.
• Lifestyle Modifications – Weight management and reduced alcohol/steroid use.
• Physical Therapy – Strengthening exercises to maintain mobility.
• Orthobiologics (PRP, Stem Cell Therapy) – Emerging treatments for early-stage AVN.

Surgical Treatments

• Core Decompression – A minimally invasive procedure to relieve pressure and stimulate blood flow.
• Bone Grafting – Adding healthy bone to support the femoral head.
• Osteotomy – Bone reshaping to redistribute weight-bearing forces.
• Total Hip Replacement (THR) – The definitive solution for advanced AVN with femoral head collapse. Dr. Mody has performed numerous successful hip replacements, restoring mobility and quality of life for his patients.

With vast experience in treating AVN, Dr. Kshitij Mody is at the forefront of advanced hip preservation and replacement techniques, ensuring optimal outcomes for his patients.